Treatment of Psychological Disorders

* one out of ten seek treatment at some point

Characterization of the disorder determines Treatment

Demonology

- Trephining

- Torture

Abnormal Behavior as a Moral Problem

- Idleness or bad character

- Prison

- Public display

- Confinement not treatment

Biological Model - Biomedical Paradigm

- General Paresis

Slow degenerative disease that erodes mental abilities; caused by syphilis

- Insanity as a disease

- More humane treatment

- Attempts to find a specific organic cause

Classification became more precise

Biological Treatments

Hippocrates

Mental disorders due to an imbalance in body fluids

Prescribed special diets and other physical treatments

3 Primary Forms of Biological Treatment Today

1. Electroconvulsive Therapy

relieves depression

2. Psychosurgery

prefrontal lobotomies

3. Drugs

antipsychotics

antidepressants

lithium

tranquilizers

Behavior Therapy

Emphasis on learning

List behaviors to be changed

Therapist acts as teacher

Methods of Behavior Therapy

*Systematic Desensitization

Phobias and Irrational Anxiety

- Progressive relaxation

- Anxiety hierarchy

* Flooding

* Positive Reinforcement & Punishment

Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Change ways of thinking as well as behavior

Psychodynamic Therapies

Psychoanalysis

Freud’s Talking Cure

Methods of Treatment

3-4 sessions a week for ten years

* Free Association

* Interpretation of Dreams

Manifest Content

Latent Content

* Analysis of Everyday Behavior

* Transference

* Catharsis

Phenomenological Psychotherapy

Remove obstacles that distort perception

Encounter between equals

Person-centered therapy

C. Rogers - Nondirective Therapy

* Unconditional Positive Regard

* Empathy

* Congruence